Incinerating-vault.



No. 667,0l5.` Patented lan. 29, |90l.

W. S. HULL. I

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(Ap'pucazion med Aug. e, 1900.)

(No Model.)

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WILLIAM S. HULL, OF JACKSON, MISSISSIPPI.

INCINERATING-VAU LT.

SPECIFICATION forming` part of Letters Patent N o. 667,015. datedJanuary 29, 1901.

Application filed August 6, 1900. Serial No. 26,079. (No model T0 a/ZZwhom, t may concern:

Beit known thatI, WILLIAM S. HULL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Jackson, in the countj7 of Hinds, State of Mississippi, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in lncinerating-Vaults, ofwhich the following is a specification, reference being had therein tothe accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to incineratingvaults, and is particularlyadapted for the consumption of night-soil and other refuse of a more orless moist character in which the solid matter is to be incinerated andthe moisture evaporated.

The invention has for one object to provide a furnace simple inconstruction which can be readily and cheaply operated and within whichthe flame may be directed over the receiving-platform in differentmanners to secure the most advantageous results, while the liquid willpass through said platform and be evaporated in an adjacent chamber.

A further object of the invention is to provide a return flue andsuitably disposed valves by means of which the products of combustionwill be carried above and below the receiving-platform in the samedirection or below the platform in one direction and above the platformin an opposite direction, and thence through the flue to a point ofdischarge.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for the rapid andcomplete evaporation of the moisture from the material and for theconsumption of any gases which may be generated during the incineratingor evaporating processes.

Y Other objects and advantages of the invention will hereinafter appearin the following description and the novel features thereof will beparticularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a perspective of the vault with a side Wallremoved and parts broken away and in section, and Fig. 2 is a centrallongitudinal section through the vault.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts throughout both figures ofthe drawings.

For the purpose of describing the invention and the operation of theseveral parts reference will be made to dierent characters of materials;but it may here be stated that the materials used may be altered at willas found convenient, and While the main casing of the vault is hereshown as of a solid niaterial-forinstance, masonry-still the same maybeconstructed of iron or steeland lined with fire-brick or refractorysubstance, so as to render the vault portable and more readily adaptedfor location in buildings where th space available therefor is limited.

The letter A designates a casing, which may be of any desiredmaterial-for instance, masonry-and, if desired, lined with a refractorysubstance, such as fire brick A'. One end of the case or vault isprovided with a tire-box B, having a grate B and other accessories, andat the opposite end a fire-box O is formed. having therein a grate C' ofany ordinary construction, and provided with the usualentrance-apertures and doors. In the following description the grate Bwill be designated as the forward or front end of the vault and thegrate O as the rear. Between these two grates a floor D is provided,above which a receiving-platform E is disposed. This platform may be ofany suitable conflguration adapted to retain thereon the solid materialand permit liquid to pass through the same and fall upon the floor D,and for the purpose of accomplishing this object in the presentillustration the platform Eis provided with numerous perforations E'.Above this platform and adjacent to the top of the casing A is apartition forming a return-ue F, through which the feed-pipe F extendsand discharges upon the platformE, while at opposite sides of thefurnace suitable doors A2 are provided, by means of which communicationmay be had to the surface of the platform or the iioor beneaththe same.At the front end of the platform E a swinging damper Gr is provided,which is supported in any suitable manner and operated from the outsideof the casing by any wellknown means. In the present illustration thedamper Gis shown as pivoted above the platform E and adapted to contactwith the edge thereof, While at the opposite end of the platform andslightly removed therefrom is a second pivoted damper Gr' upon thereturn-flue F, adapted to contact with the flue-wall A3 and IOO preventthe direct passage of the products of combustion into theevaporating-chamber H. The feed-pipe F may lead to any suitable sourceof supply. For instance, when used for the incinerating of night-soilthe pipe will connect With any desired form of stool or closet F2 orseries of the same.

When the solid and liquid material are dumped upon the platform E,theliquid passes through the same and is caught by the floor D. Upon thisfloor, however, a series of absorbent bricks or tiles are placed, whichbecome heated and evaporate a portion of the liquid, the relnainder ofwhich will pass through the channel D2 in the flue-wall A3 and into theevaporating-space D3, which is suitably supplied with piles or tiers ofthe absorbent material-such, for instance, as shown at D4-over which theproducts of combustion pass, so that the liquid is readily heated andevaporated. In reference to this absorbent brick or material attentionis called to my prior patent, No. 543,134, of July 23, 1895, in whichthe characteristics of this material are more fully set forth, and itmay be further stated that the bricks or tiles are not set in mortar,but loosely piled, so that the moisture evaporated therefrom can freelypass into the evaporating-chamber H. At this point the evaporatedmoisture and any unconsumed gases from the solid material upon theplatform are mingled and pass downward over the fire in the grate C,Where they will be further ignited, and thence through adischarge-iiueHintothecombustion-chamber H2, where ample opportunity is permitted forthe expansion of the gases and combustion thereof, while the final gasesfrom which the objectionable characteristics have been removed aredischarged into the stack H3 through a communicating opening H4 at itsbase.

In describing the operation of this invention in connection with theincinerating of night-soil from closets, it is proper to state that thequantity of solid material to be consumed is small compared with that ofthe consumption of garbage and frequently a larger quantity of liquid isto be evaporated. With this end in View it is desirable to preserve orconserve the heat by passing the same through the return-flue after itspassage over the receiving-platform, by which method the necessarydegree of heat to produce the evaporation of the materials and theproper consumption of the solid matter can be carried on. In startingthe furnace the fire will first be built in the fire-box B, thusestablishing a draft toward the stack, and afterward built in thefire-box C, which assists this draft and also consumes the gasescontained in the products of combustion from the front fire. If there bea large amount of solid matter in the refuse to be consumed, the dampers G and G' may be raised, as shown in Fig. l, so that the heat andproducts of combustion from the front ire pass above and below theplatform E in one direction, and with a direct draft this produces themost intense heat and rapid incineration of the material. Of course inpursuing this method considerable fuel Will be consumed, so that whenthe quantity of material to be burned is small the dampers will beclosed in the position shown in Fig. 2, when the products of combustionfirst pass beneath the platform E, thus thoroughly heating the absorbentmaterial upon the floor D to produce the evaporation of the liquid,thence in the op posite direction above the surface of the platform E,and finally over the partition and through the return-flue F to theevaporatingchamber H. From this point the unconsulned gases arc carried,together with the resultant of the evaporated liquids, over the re at Cinto the combustion-chamber H2 and thence to the stack. In thisconnection it will be noted that the consumption of the obnoxious gasesis theoretically produced by combining ten parts of air With one part ofthe gas, which is usually carbureted and sulfureted hydrogen. Thisconsumption of of the obnoxious gases first occurs in the return-flue F,as when the gases are generated by the burning of the solid matter theyat once mix with the air drawn from the feedpipe F and are thoroughlymixed and combined in passing through the return-Hue, so as to permit acomplete combustion after they have been ignited by the fire at C andenter the combustion-chamber H2. This method of operating the furnaceserves to preserve the heat by retaining the same within the furnace fora long period, and hence assist in the destruction of the gases. Thearrangement of thevdampers G and G also permits the fire and products ofcombustion either to be passed above or below the dump-platform at Will.

The operation for the evaporation of liquid will be clearly understoodfrom the foregoing description,and particularly desirable results aresecured by passing the liquid from the platform onto a loosely-laid bedof brick resting upon the waterproof door, which fioor conducts thefluids through the bridge-wall to the evaporating-chamber. Theevaporation is therefore more economically and quickly performed thanheretofore and the consumption ofanyresultantthereof,together with thegases in the solid materiahthoroughly effected in the chamber before theescape to the stack, While the presence of these ignited gases beneaththe evaporating-space D3 and material D4 materially assists in heatingthe same to facilitate such evaporation.

It will be obvious that changes may be made in the details ofconstruction and configuration of the several parts Without departingfrom the spirit of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters IOO ITO

I. In combination with a fire-box, an incinerating-chamber communicatingtherewith, said chamber being provided vwith two gasexits and areceiving-platform upon which the material is dumped, and dam permechanism for causing the products of combustion from the fire-box topass directly through the incinerating-chamber both above and below thereceiving-platform to one exit, or first below said platform and thenindirectly above the same to the other exit; substantially as specified.

2. In combination with a fire-box, an incinerating-chamber communicatingtherewith, said chamber being provided with two gas exits and areceiving-platform upon which the material is dumped, and dampermechanism located at each end of the platform for causing the productsof combustion from the iirebox to pass directly through theincineratingchamber both above and below` the receivingplatform to oneexit, or first below said platform and then indirectly above the same tothe other exit; substantially as specilied.

3. In an incinerating-vault, a flre-boX,an in-v cinerating-chamber incommunication therewith, a perforated receiving-platform dividing saidchamber, an evaporating-chamber in communication with saidincinerating-chamber, the floor of said incinerating-chamber beingadapted to convey liquids to the evaporaiing-chamber, damper mechanismfor causing the products of combustion from said lirebox to passdirectly over said platform to the evaporating chamber, or first beneaththe platform and then indirectly over the same, a ire-boX in saidevaporating-chamber, and a secondary combustion-chamber communicatingwith said evaporating-chamber at a point adjacent to the fire-boxtherein.

4. In an incinerating-vault, the combination of a Iire-boX, anincinerating-chamber in communication therewith, a rec'eiving-platformdividing said chamber and adapted to permit the passage of liquidtherethrough, a partition in the flue-space above said platform forseparating the space into two exits, a feed-pipe discharging upon saidplatform, a damper located above the platform adjacent to said fire-box,and a damper carried by said partition at the opposite end of saidplatform; su bstantially as specified.

5. In an incinerating-vault, the combination of a iire-box, anincinerating-chamber in communication therewith, a receiving-platformdividing said chamber and adapted to permit the passage of liquidtherethrough, a partition in the fine-space above said platform forseparating the space into two exits, a feed-pipe discharging upon saidplatform, a damper located above the platform adjacent to said fire-box,a damper carried by said partition at the opposite end of said platform;a liquid-conducting door beneath the platform, and anevaporating-chamber communicating with said door and with theincineratingchamber 5 substantially as specified.

6. In an incinerating-vault, the combination of a lire-box, anincinerating-chamber in communication therewith, a receiving-platformdividing said chamber and adapted to permit the passage of liquidtherethrough, a partition iu the due-space above said platform forseparating the space into two exits, a feed-pipe discharging upon saidplatform, a damper located above the platform adjacent to said fire-box,a damper carried by said partition at the opposite end of said platform,a liquid-conducting door beneath the platform, an evaporating-chainbercommunicating with said floor and with the incinerating-chamber,

a fire-box in said evaporating-chamber, a combustion-chamber beneathsaid evaporatingchamber and communicating with the fireboX thereof, anda stack communicating with said combustion-chamber: substantially asspecified.

7. In an incinerating-vault, the combination of a casing having atopposite portions an incinerating-chamber and an evaporatingchamber communicating with each other and each with a fire-box, a receiving-platformin said incinerating-chamber and adapted to permit the passage ofliquids therethrough, a conducting-floor beneath the platform adapted toconvey liquids to said evaporatingchamber, an absorbent material in saidevaporating-chamber arranged to receive liquids from theconducting-floor and over which the products of combustion from over theplatform are adapted to pass, a combustion-chamber beneath saidabsorbent material, and a stack communicating with saidcombustionchamber; substantially as specified.

8. In an incinerating-vault, the combination of a casing having atopposite portions an incineratin g-ch am ber and an evaporatingchambercommunicatingwith each other and each with a fire-box, areceiving-platform in said incinerating-chamber and adapted to permitthe passage of liquids therethrough, a conducting-floor beneath theplatform adapted to convey liquids to said evaporatingchamber, anabsorbent material in said evaporating-chamber arranged to receiveliquids from the conducting-door and over which the products ofcombustion from over the platform are adapted to pass, acombustion-chamber beneath said absorbent material, a stackcommunicating with said combustion-chamber, a partition above saidplatform to provide two exit-fines, and a damper mechanism for causingthe products of combustion from the fire-box to pass directly above andbelow the receiving-platform to one exit or irst below said platform andthen indirectly above the same to the other exit; substantially asspecified.

9. In an incinerating-vault, the combination of a casing having atopposite portions an incinerating-chamber and an evaporatingchambercommunicating with each other and each with a fire-box, areceiving-platform in said incinerating-chamber and adapted to IOO IIO

ISO

permit the passage of liquids therethrough, a conductingiioor beneaththe platform adapted to convey liquids to said evaporating-chamber, anabsorbent material in said evaporating-chamber arranged to receiveliquids from the conductingtloor and over which the products ofcombustion from over the platform are adapted to pass, acombustion-chamber beneath said absorbent material, a stackcommunicating with said combustion-chamber, a partition above saidplatform to provide two exit-fines, a damper pivoted to said partitionat the rear end and adapted to close one of said exits, and a damperpivoted above the forward end of said platform and adapted to close theflue-space directly over the same from direct communication with thefire-box; substantially as specified.

l0. In an incinerating-vault, the combination of a casing having atopposite portions an incinerating-chamber and an evaporatingchambercommunicating with each other and each with a nre-box, areceiving-platform in said incineratingchamber and adapted to permit thepassage of liquids therethrough, a conducting-door beneath the platform,adapted to convey liquids to said evaporating-ehamber, an absorbentmaterial in said evaporating chamber arranged to receive liquids fromthe conducting-Hoor and over which the products of combustion from overthe platform are adapted to pass, a combustion-chamber beneath saidabsorbent material, a stack communicating with said combustion-chamher7a partition above said platform to provide two exit-dues, a damperpivoted to said partition at the rear end and adapted to close one ofsaid exits, a damper pivoted above the forward end of said platform andadapted to close the Hue-space directly over the same from directcommunication with the fire-box,and a flue-wall between the incineratingand evaporating chambers provided with openings adapted to permit thepassage of liquids from the conducting-floor to the absorbent materialin the evaporatingchamber; substantiallyT as specified.

ll. The combination of a tire-box, an incineratory chamber and anevaporating-chamber, said incineratingchamber being provided With ahorizontal receiving-platform, an inlet from the fire-chamber, and gasand liquid exit openings communicating with the evaporating-chamber, andthe evaporatingchamber having an exit for the products of combustion,and absorbent material above said exit, the lower exit from theincinerating-chamber adapted to conduct the liquid matter to theabsorbent material and the upper exit from said chamber leading to theevaporatingchamber above said absorbent material.

In testimony whereof I ax my signature in presence of two witnesses.

VILLIAM S. HULL.

Witnesses:

R. O. PEEL, J. C. GREEN.

